Journal: Stem cell research & therapy
Article Title: Differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into Schwann cell-like cells through intermittent induction: potential advantage of cellular transient memory function.
doi: 10.1186/s13287-018-0884-3
Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 1 Identification of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and schematic of the experimental design. a Primary ASCs grew in clusters and had a rounded spindle-like shape. b ASCs at passage 2 could differentiate into adipocytes, and the visual field in photographs was filled with red lipid droplets stained with Oil Red O solution. c ASCs differentiated into osteocytes formed calcium nodules with burrs, which were stained red by Alizarin Red solution. d In cartilage pellets, many cartilage lacunae were found, and the glycosaminoglycans around the chondrocytes were stained purple-blue by Toluidine Blue O solution. e Flow cytometry showed that more than 98% of ASCs were immunopositive for the MSC markers CD29, CD44, and CD90, while less than 6% of ASCs were immunopositive for the hematopoietic stem cell markers CD34, CD45, and CD86. f Schematic showing the experimental groups and induction methods. bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor; β-ME, β-mercaptoethanol; dASC, differentiated ASC; DMEM, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium; FBS, fetal bovine serum; PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor; SC, Schwann cell; uASC, undifferentiated ASC
Article Snippet: Pre-induction medium I was replaced with pre-induction medium II consisting of DMEM, 10% FBS, and 35 ng/ml all trans-retinoic acid (RA) (R2625; Sigma) and incubated for 72 h. The resulting differentiated ASCs were divided into four groups according to subsequent processing: (ii) sustaining dASCs 4d: Differentiated ASCs (dASCs) were induced for 4 days with complete induction medium consisting of DMEM, 10% FBS, 5 μM forskolin (F6886; Sigma), 200 ng/ml recombinant human heregulin-β1 (HRG) (100–03; PeproTech), 10 ng/ml basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) (3339-FB: R&D Systems), and 5 ng/ml recombinant rat plateletderived growth factor (PDGF)-AB (1115-AB; R&D Systems); (iii) sustaining dASCs 7d: dASCs were induced for 7 days with complete induction medium; (iv) sustaining dASCs 10d: dASCs were induced for 10 days with complete induction medium; (v) intermittent dASCs: dASCs were induced for 4 days with complete induction medium, after which complete induction medium was replaced with incomplete induction medium consisting of DMEM, 10% FBS, 5 μM forskolin, and 200 ng/ml HRG for induction for 3 days.
Techniques: Derivative Assay, Staining, Flow Cytometry, Modification
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